A Psychedelic Silver Lining!

7bd5f5d8-dc13-48e6-bd65-e45ed27b534c-2Some time ago I happened upon an interesting article about the benefits of psychedelic drugs—WHAT?? And, being a child of the 60s, it peaked my interest.

Not that I dabbled in recreational drugs back in college when it was all the rage. I really didn’t! I’ve always had an innate fear that a little of a good thing may be fine, but too much could be injurious or even lethal.

That mindset is what interested me in this article. It focused on “a little of a good thing” and suggested that, since the late 1990s, there’s been a resurgence of medical research on the benefits of psychedelic drugs. This viewpoint particularly caught my attention since I’ve written blogs in the past about the detrimental, and even lethal, effects regarding the recreational, and sinister, use of certain chemicals.hippie-bohemian-clothing2

More than 50 years ago, the US government funded labs to study psychedelic drugs like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and other psychedelics as promising, powerful new drugs. Unfortunately, recreational use of these drugs evolved (think Woodstock, etc) and that caused the US government to ban further testing of many hallucinogenics/psychedelics as dangerous and to classify them as having no accepted medical use.

Officially, these drugs are categorized as Schedule I drugs, meaning they are illegal in the US for any use (medical or otherwise), and the government’s more recent war on drugs has severely limited research opportunities on psychedelics.

However, some research continues—much of it outside of the United States—and the benefits of several psychedelic drugs are beginning to be appreciated once again. One overwhelming truth seems to emerge from these studies. It’s the fact that the recreational-drugs-1fears that psychedelic drugs cause an increased risk of mental illnesses are unfounded. In reality, these studies are taking a fresh, objective new look at the potential use of psychedelics to TREAT mental illnesses.

LSD is one of those drugs being studied with renewed interest. In research that goes back 40 years, LSD was shown to significantly reduce anxiety in patients facing end of life issues. A more recent Swiss-controlled study involving terminally ill cancer patients revealed a 20% reduction in associated anxiety and depression regarding their impending demise when using LSD.

Other studies indicate that long-term use of LSD resulted in a considerable reduction in outpatient mental health treatments and lowered the use of powerful psychiatric medications. Like LSD, other psychedelics are being studied and interesting benefits are being revealed.

Psilocybin—more commonly known as the hallucinogenic component of “magic mushrooms”—has been studied for its calming effects on certain brain functions. Psilocybin is said to eliminate confusing/overwhelming thoughts and leads to increased cognition and memory.

Patients treated with psilocybin recall memories more vividly and accurately, and this effect has been confirmed on a neurobiological level with MRI scanning of the brain.

Psilocybin has also been shown to have significant benefits in treatingNo_smoking_Poster_1_by_Sempliok alcoholism and smoking addiction. In fact, one study followed five patients who were given this drug to kick their smoking habit and all five completely quit smoking after one treatment. With follow-up visits of up to one year after treatment, four of the five were biologically confirmed to have continually abstained from cigarettes.

In the past I’ve blogged about a couple of interesting recreational drugs that can be deadly if used indiscriminately—MDMA (commonly called Molly) and DMT (dimethyltryptamine). Both seem to also have beneficial effects when used properly.

MDMA, the psychoactive chemical in the recreational drug ecstasy, has been shown to successfully treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in military veterans and to decrease the anxiety associated with cancer treatments.

Interestingly, a slight chemical modification of MDMA has been studied at the University of Birmingham and it’s been shown to have aggressive anti-cancer potential. The study is preliminary and further studies are being conducted regarding this intriguing effect.

Other studies on MDMA support beneficial effects for treating the social anxiety in autistic adults, with a fascinating 77% increase in both ease in social settings and the ability to communicate more effectively with others.

DMT is the psychoactive compound found in a Peruvian Amazon rainforest vine that is used to make a brew called ayahuasca. Ayahuasca is utilized for spiritual and healing purposes in that area of the world, and in recent years DMT is appearing as a recreational street drug for its hallucinogenic effects.

From a medical treatment standpoint, DMT seems to “untangle” complex and calm-state-of-mindunconscious psychological stresses and is of benefit in treating various depressions, cancer treatment anxiety, and increasing the hopefulness and quality of life for multiple sclerosis patients.

So, the silver lining is that these potentially dangerous drugs that are often abused and lead to detrimental—or even lethal outcomes—can have a more benevolent quality to them when channeled properly.

As with most things, both good and bad can result from the decisions we make and the actions we take as humans. What path results from those decisions and actions often make for great story telling.

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

Posted in About James J. Murray, Benefits of Treatments With Magic Mushrooms, Blog Writers, Blogging, Dimethyltryptamine, DMT, DMT Overdose, DMT Treats Depression and Anxiety and Helps MS Patients, LSD and Anxiety Reduction, LSD and Depression Reduction, Magic Mushroom Treatments, MDMA Treats PTSD and Cancer-Associated Stress, MDMA Use, Medical Benefits of Psychedelic Drugs, Medical Research on Psychedelic Drugs, Medical Treatments Using DMT, Medical Treatments Using LSD, Medical Treatments Using MDMA, Molly, Molly Drug Benefits, Molly Drug Use, Molly Trip, New Blog, New Drug Research, Party Drugs, Plot Ideas and Where They Come From, Prescription For Murder Blog, Psilocybin Treats Alcohol and Smoking Addiction, Psychedelic Drugs Used Successfully to Treat Mental Illnesses, Psychoactive Designer Drugs, Treatments Using Psilocybin | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

Create An Action-Packed New Year!

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First off -> HAPPY NEW YEAR 2017!

Now, before you roll your eyes at yet another lesson about New Year’s resolutions, here are some practical suggestions to help you 1) make realistic goals, 2) plan them logically, and 3) keep yourself on track to meet those goals.

Take a deep breath and smile! The new year is fresh and filled with potential. Whatever unfulfilled dreams you had last year is history. Leave them behind and don’t look back.MH900438811

It’s time to focus on what you want and need going forward. Forget about calling them New Year’s Resolutions. It’s a worn out phrase that’s often linked to failure.

Instead, whatever changes you want to make should be called New Life Goals. Each new year is a golden opportunity to make meaningful life adjustments to create a better personal world. If you’ve read my bio, you’ll know that I’ve had several opportunities to recreate myself. With each one, I’ve had to achieve specific life-changing goals.

MH900430599From those experiences, I’ve learned that deciding on the right New Life Goals can be daunting. You may have one BIG change you wish to make or there may be many small adjustments you’d like to incorporate into your life. The principles of change are the same for both: Plan, Execute, Evaluate, Adjust and Repeat.

*The key word here is REPEAT!*

In order for meaningful change to happen, you must make that change a habit. If it’s a physical change you wish to make, you must get your body used to whatever you want it to do. I’ll use myself as an example. When I’m not writing, I’m passionate about long distance running. I love the sport so much that I ran three full marathons in 57 days this past Fall. Now I volunteer my time training others to become better runners.

In helping others to become better runners, we use training cycles to achieve specific goals, such as running faster or longer distances. We achieve those goals in progressive cycles—called the Microcycle, the Mesocycle and the Macrocycle. But these same principles can apply to other endeavors in your life—no matter whether they are physical or mental changes.

The Microcycle is that initial 5-7 day period when you push yourself to begin that one thing you want to make a part of your life. This is the Planning and Executing part of change.

In running, this is when you actually start training regularly on a track or trail. If you42-15622535 want to lose weight, this is when you start passing up dessert and/or join a health club. If you want to improve your outlook on life, this is when you begin to smile more and attempt to interact better with others. In short, you plan what you want to do and then do it.

The next cycle, the Mesocycle, is a longer period, usually a minimum of three weeks and up to ten weeks. This is the cycle where you attempt to make the change a HABIT. In order for something to become a permanent part of our lives, we must make that thing a routine. We have to make it become so much a part of us that we would miss it if it no longer existed in our lives.

MH900400498This is where you evaluate how the change fits into your life and where you make small adjustments to continue the momentum to achieve that goal. If you want to eat less, stop going out to restaurants and control portions. If you have trouble finding time to go to a health club or scheduling a run, get up earlier or give up evening television.

Adjust your life to achieve your goal rather than adjusting your goal.  Create a new habit and repeat that as often as possible to make it a part of your life.

The Mesocycle is where you begin to embrace the change to achieve your goal. This is where the runner begins to enjoy the run and the dieter begins to dislike unhealthy foods. The longer you consciously think about what you are changing, the more successful you’ll be.

The last cycle is the Macrocycle and it’s the finishing touch that allows you to own your goals permanently. It can extend for months, years or for life. If you’re trying to lose weight and you achieve that goal, this is where you keep the momentum going to maintain that new weight. If you’re trying to improve a relationship with someone, you don’t stop the process when you feel good about each other. You continue to work at the relationship. You continue to repeat whatever you did to achieve a better relationship, or to maintain whatever specific goal you’ve identified.

Meaningful changes in your life happen by identifying goals, incorporatingMH900423646 them into your life and making that specific change a habit—and it’s a continual process. And keeping the momentum going in the Macrocycle is as important as that initial Microcycle step to identify the new goal.

If you’ve identified multiple goals for 2017, you’ve created an extra challenge for yourself. You can achieve all of your goals, but you simply have to work on one before starting another. Prioritize each goal and tackle them one at a time.

Attempting to achieve multiple goals at once can be overwhelming and it sets you up for failure. Achieving meaningful change takes focus. Don’t dilute your effectiveness by focusing on several changes at once.

The important thing to remember is that this is a New Year. The slate is totally clean and you have all year to achieve the goals you’ve identified.

Tackle the one goal that’s most important to you first. Attack it with gusto! Achieve it! Own it! Then move on to the next most important goal. Make them part of your bucket list for 2017!

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

Posted in A Holiday Wish, A New Year's Greeting, A New Year's Wish, About James J. Murray, About Running, About Writing, Achieving Perfection, Blog Writers, Blogging, Change in the New Year, Changing Your Life in The New Year, Create a Better You, Creating Change in the New Year, Creating New Habits in The New Year, Developing Better Life Skills, Forging a Better Life, Growing As A Writer, Happy New Year, How To Change Bad Habits, How to Create a Better Life, How to Create a More Enjoyable Life, How to Create a More Productive Life, How to Create a More Satisfying Life, How to Implement New Year's Resolutions, How to Make New Year's Resolutions, Ideas for Creating Permanent Change, James J. Murray Blog, Life Skills, Life-Altering Goals, Making Change Permanent, Murder Mayhem and Medicine, New Blog, New Life Goals, New Year's Resolutions, Prescription For Murder Blog, Skills to Create a Better Life, The Writings of James J. Murray | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

MY NEW YEAR’S WISH FOR YOU!

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** MY WISH FOR YOU IN THE NEW YEAR **

May peace break into your home;

May thieves steal your debts;

May the pockets of your jeans

Become magnets for $100 bills.

 May love stick to you like glue;

May laughter assault your lips.

 May happiness spread across your face;

May your tears be that of joy;

May the problems you had this past year forget your address.

In short . . .

May 2017 be the BEST YEAR OF YOUR LIFE!

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To You and Yours!!

Posted in A Holiday Wish, A New Year's Greeting, A New Year's Wish, A World of Joy, About James J. Murray, About Writing, Blog Writers, Blogging, Happy Holidays, Happy New Year, James J. Murray Blog, New Blog, NEW YEAR'S WISH | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 6 Comments

Wishing You a Joyous Winter Holiday

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Happy Holidays To All My Readers

&

May You and Yours Be Filled

With Joy and Peace

During This Holiday Season

Posted in A Christmas Greeting, A Holiday Wish, A World of Joy, About James J. Murray, Blog Writers, Blogging, Christmas Themed Blog, Happy Holidays, Holiday Cheer, James J. Murray Blog, New Blog, The Writings of James J. Murray | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

ALMOST DEAD – The Novel

Yes, the title of my latest book messes with my mind also!

When someone dies, they’re dead—right? Well . . . maybe not. And when someone dies at the hand of another, that’s labeled a murder—right? Well . . . maybe!

Sure, there are various degrees of murder—ranging from intentional to unintentional with legal terms such as 1st degree, 2nd degree, negligent homicide, etc—but what if the dead person simply wakes up and walks out of the morgue?

Is that considered a murder or “almost a murder” if the person wakes up the next day and recovers from that dastardly deed?

Well, that’s simply crazy. People are either dead or not, and dead people don’t just get up and walk away—or do they?

What about a person who appears dead with all the diagnostic clues: no tendon, corneal or gag reflexes? They may be pronounced dead, but are they truly dead beyond a shadow of a doubt?

I wrote a book that came out earlier this year, and I used that very premise to create a most interesting tale—two murdered people wake up the next morning and simply continue with their lives.

Impossible, you say? Maybe, but there is science to explain such events and there are pharmaceuticals to mimic death that could make such things possible.

This is a short synopsis of my book:

Detectives Rosie Young and Vince Mendez chase an elusive villain when two victims turn up alive less than twenty-four hours after their death. The body count climbs as they investigate how two unrelated victims share an identical death experience with no memory of the event. Evidence leads to startling revelations of deceit, greed and an international conspiracy in this entertaining mystery.

This relatively short murder mystery is fast-paced, dynamic and often read in one sitting. Five-star reviews state that it kept readers up at night and the book has been described as “Murder She Wrote” meets “CSI” for its attention to detail, while being fun to read.

Find out how “almost dead” may not really mean dead!

AVAILABLE NOW ~Almost Dead_3d Photo

Click Here for Amazon Download

(Also Available in Paperback –> For Easy Gift-Giving!)

Click Here for non-Kindle Downloads

Posted in A Christmas Gift Idea, A Holiday Gift Idea, A How To Blog on Murder Plot Ideas, A Murder Mystery Novel, A Mystery Novel, About James J. Murray, About Murder, About Writing, Almost Dead, Almost Dead-The Novel, Blog Writers, Blogging, Bloodless Death Scenes, Designer Drug Deaths, Designing Murder Plots, Fast Novel Reads, Give A Book As A Gift, Growing As A Writer, Ideas for Murder Scenes, James J. Murray Blog, James J. Murray's ALMOST DEAD, Murder Mayhem and Medicine, Murder Mystery Novel, Murder With Drugs, New Blog, New Book Is Published, New Methods of Murder, New Publication, Plotting Interesting Murder Scenes, Prescription For Murder Blog | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

Smart Students Formulate Cheaper Generic Drug

The ever-increasing costs of prescription medications have made dramatic headlines over the last twelve months.

epipenOne of the more recent and visibly-reported medication increases involved Epipen, the life-saving epinephrine drug used to counteract severe allergic reactions. That drug underwent a 600% price increase over a short period while maintaining a 90% market share due to lack of competition.

Other essential medications also have undergone sharp price increases in the recent past. These include life-saving leukemia-fighting drugs, diabetic medications and anti-clotting pharmaceuticals.

But one of the most dramatic medication price increases in the last year involved a drug called Daraprim, an anti-daraprimparasitic medication used to treat infections such as malaria and toxoplasmosis. When Turing Pharmaceuticals bought the marketing rights to this drug, the price jumped almost overnight from approximately $US13.50 to about $750 per tablet—over a 5000% increase!

Daraprim is on the World Health Organization’s list of essential medications and that stimulated a group of high school students in Sidney, Australia to figure out how such a price increase could be justified and took on a project to prove that there could be a more cost-effective alternative.

The students, working with University of Sydney chemist Alice Williamson, eventually created 3.7 grams of pyrimethamine, Daraprim’s active ingredient, in their high school chemistry lab for about $20—an amount that would sell in the United States for up to $110,000 at the current manufacturer’s list price.

Although the drug is extremely expensive in the United States because Turing Pharmaceuticals controls the exclusive distribution rights in the States through a loophole called “the closed distribution model”, the drug is out of patent and available in most countries around the world for about $1 to $2 instead of the $750 US pricing per tablet.

studentThe students worked through an online research-sharing platform called Open Source Malaria to duplicate the medication in a more cost-effective manner. They even found a safer way to create the drug since the usual manufacturing process of pyrimethamine from raw ingredients involved dangerous reagents not allowed in their high school chemistry lab.

They successfully synthesized the drug in a safer, more cost-effective manner and the resulting medication’s purity was confirmed by spectrograph analysis. Therefore, these industrious students creased a new version of Daraprim—a generic that could compete with the Turing Pharmaceuticals version in the US market.

Unfortunately, any competing drug for Daraprim would have to be compared to the branded drug in extensive clinical trials to receive FDA approval and that would be an expensive and arduous process. The main goal of these students was to prove that a true generic version of this malaria drug could be made inexpensively and they accomplished that.

Hopefully, an inspired generic manufacturer would attempt to useclapping-hands their research and the new technique of engineering this drug since these students were kind enough to publish their manufacturing process fully and free online.

Kudos to this brilliant, selfless group of budding scientists!

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

Posted in About James J. Murray, Alternative Drug Manufacturing Methods, Blog Writers, Blogging, Daraprim Price Increases, Future Drug Manufacturing Practices, Future of Drug Manufacturing, Future of Prescription Drug Distribution, Generic Drug Manufacturing, Generic Drugs in the US, Generic vs Brand Name Drugs, Increasing Costs of US Pharmaceuticals, Innovative Drug Manufacturing Practices, James J. Murray Blog, Medication Safety Issues, Medication Shortages in the US, Murder Mayhem and Medicine, New Blog, New Drug Manufacturing Methods, New Drug Research, Prescription Drug Safety, Prescription For Murder Blog, Prescription Trends, Synthesizing Inexpensive Generic Drugs, The American Drug Supply, The High Cost Of Medications in the US, Ways To Create More Cost-Effective Generic Drugs | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 5 Comments

Is the Future of Entertainment a Pharmaceutical?

At a recent Wall Street Journal conference (WSJD Live 2016), Netflix CEO people-playing-video-gameReed Hastings speculated that the future of entertainment might be something OTHER than watching and interacting with the screen of an electronic device.

Netflix, an entertainment industry innovator with its “DVD-by-mail services” not very many years ago, has evolved into an industry leader with a successful streaming service and as an original content provider with hits such as Stranger Things, House of Cards and Narcos.

At the conference–which brought together CEOs, founders and investors—these visionaries discussed cutting-edge tech opportunities that are emerging around the globe.

During his remarks about the future of contemporary entertainmentvirtual-reality-entertainment-future-3 sources, Hastings suggested that new technologies like augmented and virtual realities (AR and VR) are already happening and could branch out beyond simple gaming to entertainment that does not require sophisticated tech equipment.

In his talk, Hastings suggested that as augmented and virtual reality technology flourished, improved and finally matured, newer entertainment sources would evolve to replace them.

But what would that grand leap in entertainment be? In a word, the answer would be PHARMACOLOGICALS!

The Netflix CEO stated that the current real threat to capturing new customers and retaining present customers is anything that takes the viewer’s attention away from the screen. Recreational drugs are nothing new and I’ve blogged about a significant number of them in the past. Certainly, recreational drug use is on the rise worldwide. I speculate that it is a potential competing element to screen entertainment even now.

In his speech, Hastings said that possibly in twenty to fifty years one blue-and-white-capsulesmight take a personalized colored pill to hallucinate in an entertaining way, and then take a white pill to bring the customer back to the real world.

Certainly, it’s an idea straight out of The Matrix. It’s also a more recent idea featured in the video game Watch Dogs. Hastings went on to state, “And if the source of human entertainment in thirty or forty years is pharmacological, we’ll be in real trouble.” I conclude that pharmaceuticals of the future might essentially replace device-based entertainment at some point in time.

As a thriller writer, I’m always interested in innovative technology to spice up my storylines. That might now include entertainment without screen devices! And how sinister could that become if that entertainment were pharmaceutical in nature and then misused?

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

Posted in A How To Blog on Murder Plot Ideas, A How To Blog on Murder Weapons, About James J. Murray, About Murder, About Writing, Blog About Poisons in Fiction Writing, Blog Writers, Blogging, Bloodless Death Scene Writing, Chemical Entertainment, Chemicals Used For Murder, Deciding How to Kill Off a Character in a Novel, Designing Murder Plots, Developing Story Plots, Developing Storyline Ideas, Entertainment of the Future, Future Sources of Entertainment, How to Choose a Murder Weapon for a Plot Idea, Ideas for Murder Scenes, Interactive Entertainment, James J. Murray Blog, Killing Off Characters in Writing, Murder Mayhem and Medicine, Murder Weapons Discussed, New Blog, New Methods of Murder, Pharmaceuticals as Entertainment, Plot Ideas and Where They Come From, Plotting Interesting Murder Scenes, Plotting Murder Scenes, Prescription For Murder Blog, The Art of Writing, the perfect murder weapon, The Psychology of Murder, The Science of Murder, Tools of Murder, Unique Murder Plots, Writing Dramatic Murder Scenes | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

Why A Writer Should Be Thankful!

Here in the United States it’s Thanksgiving time—Thursday, November 24th to bethanksgiving-dinner exact—and it’s a day of fantastic food feasts, with the bonus of a long holiday weekend ahead.

More importantly, it’s a time to reflect on what makes our lives so special and rewarding and what makes us thankful when we think back on the current year and the events that have shaped our lives in the recent past.

As my life has evolved from a clinical pharmacist into the world of writing fiction, I’ve come to realize how special and rewarding it is to be an author.

Although there are challenges in each and every endeavor we attempt and with each life thank-you-quotesdecision we make, writing has been most rewarding for me in many ways. A few of the “special perks” of being a writer, and the ones for which I am most thankful for, include:

(1) My Life Experiences: We all have life experiences from which we draw on in our daily lives, but a writer has the special privilege of being able to share some of those experiences with readers and, especially as a fiction author, I shape those experiences in special, entertaining ways. It’s those life experiences that help develop my story plots, refine my character developments and influence the dialogue I write. I’m thankful every day for new experiences that help me become a more creative writer.

(2) I’m Allowed To Fantasize As Much As I Want: Writing is one of the fewdraw,glasses,hand,in,mouth,illustration,thinking,type,machine,writer-bc5f6977780ab1c98071f6be04bfc0c9_m professions where it’s totally acceptable to live in a fantasy world and still be considered mentally stable. I love that I can have imaginary friends (my characters) and can communicate with them anytime I want. I’m thankful that I escape reality on a regular basis and still have those around me think that’s perfectly normal.

(3) I Can Be As Manipulative As I Want: The reality of the modern, civilized world involves consensus and compromise on a daily basis to achieve one’s personal goals. A writer doesn’t have to worry about that. If you write non-fiction, you’re considered the expert. As a fiction writer, I’m allowed to write believable lies and dictate what happens in every scene I create. I tell my characters what to say, how say it, how to think and how to act. I’m thankful for the opportunity to function as an all-powerful deity and have my characters cooperate in that effort.

(4) I Make People Think, Smile and Frown: Writers, through their words, reach out and touch their readers’ hearts and minds in special and meaningful ways. Whether the writer’s work is fanciful fiction, serious drama, or non-fiction, the reader’s world is forever changed by the written word. I’m thankful that I can entertain my readers—and possibly educate them in the process—while giving them the opportunity to experience a world different from their own.

(5) Time To Write: It’s often a struggle to find the time to back away from reality, sit at unnamedmy computer and immerse myself in the imaginary worlds in which my characters live. Often, the real world continues to figuratively knock at my office door. I’m thankful for those times when I’m able to be absorbed into the worlds I’m creating for my characters. That time is very special and extremely personal to me until the manuscript is complete and ready to be shared with others.

(6) Time To Read: No writer, and no writing talent, is ever complete. Having the time to read stimulates my mind to be more creative and teaches me to be a better author. Writing is a time-consuming profession and I’m very thankful for those occasions when I can enjoy the talents of other authors.

(7) My Mentors and Contemporaries: There are many writers, essayists, poets, editors and bloggers among my list of friends. I value their talents and especially their opinions about my work. I particularly value the suggestions from my wife, my first editor. She’s the one person who has the opportunity to see my work before anyone else, and I’m thankful for her patience. I’m grateful for my writer friends who take the time to read whatever I’ve written and for their help to mold me into a better writer. It’s a generous gift they share with me and I very much appreciate them.

Happy Thanksgiving! And I wish you success at being thankful on a daily basis.

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

Posted in A Holiday Wish, A Writer's Thanksgiving Blog, About James J. Murray, About Writing, Being Thankful Every Day, Being Thankful For Your Life, Blog Trends, Blog Writers, Blogging, Developing Writing Skills, Fiction Based on Facts, Fiction Based on Real Life, Fiction Writing - A Believable Lie, Growing As A Writer, Happy Thanksgiving Blog, Holiday Cheer, James J. Murray Blog, Learning the Art of Writing, Life Skills, Murder Mayhem and Medicine, Prescription For Murder Blog, Special Perks of Being A Writer, Thankful For Being A Writer, Why A Writer Should Be Thankful!, Writing As A Special and Rewarding Career | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a comment

When Sleep is Not Possible

someone-sleepingWe all need sleep to survive. Sleep is a natural process that allows the body to recharge, refresh and prepare (both physically and psychologically) for a new day of adventure.

Scientists understand the chemistry that causes us to become sleepy—the 24-hour cycle of hormones (such as melatonin) that release to prepare us for sleep—but the action of sleeping is often referred to as one of nature’s greatest mysteries.

Although we take sleep for granted—that it will come each night around a certain time and that we’ll wake up refreshed and ready to face a new day—there are some in the world who would give anything for a good night’s sleep.

There is a very rare disease called “fatal familial insomnia” (FFI for short) which makes it impossible for someone to fall asleep. And when I say thatseveral-generations this disease is rare, I mean EXTREMELY RARE. Research shows that this inherited disorder has been discovered in only about 40 families worldwide (affecting about 100 people).

The name says it all—it’s a genetic disorder that’s passed down from parent to child to grandchild, and so on. If one parent has the gene, a child from that person has a 50% risk factor for inheriting the disease. If inherited, the genetic disorder may remain dormant for years before symptoms suddenly appear.

Fortunately, potential patients can now be tested for the gene to avoid having children and possibly passing FFI to them. There is, however, a non-inherited variant of this disease called “sporadic fatal insomnia” (sFI) which develops in a similar fashion to FFI but without the family genetic link.

The initial symptoms of both FFI and sFI appear as worsening insomnia that progresses to a complete inability to fall asleep. Within a month of such extreme insomnia, patients realize that they have a disease like no other.

Panic attacks, paranoia and various phobias begin to exhibit toward the end of that first sleepless month. Rapid weight loss follows shortly thereafter and, within the first six months, dementia sets in. The patient can become mute or unresponsive due to an inability for organize thought.

Death is the definitive progression of this disease, but that final outcome can take anywhere from seven to 36 months. The average survival span for patients diagnosed with FFI is about 18 months after onset of the initial symptoms.

venice-italyThe first known case—Patient Zero—is said to be an Italian man who died in Venice in 1765. By the time he died, he had passed on the genetic disorder to his children and the family curse initiated.

Scientists have discovered that FFI is caused by a mutation of a protein in the brain—essentially an inherited prion disease. Prions are amyloid particles (protein fragments) that develop from normal brain proteins when they “misfold” into flawed protein structures that can then transmit erroneous signals between cells.

I’ve written a blog in the past about prion protein diseases that cause disordersprionreplication such as mad cow disease. FFI and sFI, however, are very specific prion protein mutations.

As a pharmacist, I realize that drugs can alter brain chemistry in such a way as to mimic FFI by creating chronic insomnia events. Particular drugs can generate an interesting cause and effect that might produce a nice plot twist for a villain searching for a dramatic method of torture.

Besides the usual suspects of caffeine, and possibly an array of herbal stimulants, chronic misuse of stimulant drugs such as methamphetamine (speed) and methylphenidate (Ritalin) can create extreme insomnia episodes.

There are also non-amphetamine-like drugs (Provigil and Nuvigil, for example) that alter brain chemistry and which are used therapeutically to enhance wakefulness and alertness. Such drugs, if misused properly, could produce an interesting extended episode of lethal insomnia.

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

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ANTIMONY – A Shimmery Toxic Metal

antimonyAntimony is a naturally-occurring metal usually found in ore deposits. Although it is a rare element, it’s extensively used in the manufacturing industry and is present in many household items. Its appearance is described as “a silvery, luscious gray metal” but consumers often don’t see it in its natural state.

Typically, antimony is used in the manufacture of flame-retardant products, toys, car seat covers, clothing (even for children), semi-conductors and infrared detectors. It istracer-bullets also a key component as an alloy with lead in the manufacture of tracer bullets and batteries, and it’s even used in therapies to treat schistosomiasis (a flatworm parasite) and leichmaniasis (a parasite from sandflies).

Although antimony is considered a rare metal, it’s widely available and is present in many of the items we use every day. The incongruity I see here is that antimony is an extremely toxic substance and can be lethal if inhaled or ingested in sufficient quantities.

In fact, antimony has been described as “the perfect poison” since it has many advantageous attributes. It’s odorless, colorless and nearly tasteless when dissolved. Because it is virtually undetectable, accidental exposure to lethal doses is a real threat.

Factory workers have the greatest potential for antimony exposure as an occupational antimony-skin-spotshazard. The symptoms for inhaled exposure include dizziness, headaches, pneumonia-like symptoms and “antimony spots” appearing on the skin. Ingested exposure might exhibit as depression, nausea and vomiting, kidney damage, and may even cause certain types of cancer.

Therapeutic exposure while treating schistosomiasis and leichmaniasis might exhibit as an inflamed pancreas and heart ailments.

Although the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and that of the European Union (EU) maintain standards for reduced exposure to antimony, those of the EU may fall short for fruit juice concentrate products. Both agencies monitor bottled drinking water levels and maintain standards for such products since antimony can leak from the plastic in bottles into the water.

So, antimony actually does make “a perfect poison”—not only because of itsdanger_poison_dx83_osha odorless, colorless, tasteless qualities—but because of its ready availability in so many manufacturing processes.

As a writer of murder mysteries, I did find an interesting downside to deliberate antimony poisoning. This substance acts as a natural preservative. Therefore, the bodies of antimony-poisoned victims tend to be well-preserved, even appearing “fresh” after several years of burial.

Therefore, if you intend to use antimony as the lethal weapon in your next mystery, be sure to not only get rid of the evidence but also get rid of the body!

Thoughts? Comments? I’d love to hear them!

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